Probiotics, the microorganisms that benefit our health, are often associated with the fight against intestinal disorders such as diarrhea. They contribute to the balance of our intestinal flora, acting as a support for the good micro-organisms present in our intestines to help them do their job. Whether for children, travelers or after taking antibiotics, their use could therefore have a role to play in preventing and treating this common ailment. However, it is important to note that their efficacy is not unanimously accepted in the scientific literature, and varies from study to study depending on the problem treated and the strain used.

Understanding probiotics and their benefits

Probiotics are living micro-organisms which, when consumed in adequate quantities, have beneficial effects on our health. They occur naturally in our bodies, but can also be found in certain foods and supplements.

Probiotics play an important role in digestion, helping to break down food and absorb nutrients. They can also help boost the immune system and prevent certain infections.

Among the many types of probiotics, the most commonly used are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. Each strain has specific effects, so it's essential to choose the right probiotic for your health needs.

Finally, studies have shown that probiotics can be beneficial in the treatment of a variety of health problems, including:

• Gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome
• Infections, such as gastroenteritis
• Imbalances in the intestinal microbiota, which can be caused by the use of antibiotics.

Probiotics and gastroenteritis: the link

In the face of gastroenteritis, an illness often caused by a viral infection, certain strains of probiotics appear to be effective in strengthening intestinal flora. Indeed, some studies have shown that they may help reduce the duration and severity of diarrhea associated with gastroenteritis. The Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain is particularly recommended in this context.

Probiotics, by inhibiting the growth of pathogens, can also play a preventive role. However, their efficacy can vary according to the individual and the strain used, and they are not recommended as an immediate preventive measure against gastroenteritis, given the lack of convincing scientific data.

The use of probiotics in the treatment of gastroenteritis is not a substitute for proper hydration, which is necessary to compensate for fluid losses due to diarrhea and vomiting.

When and how to take probiotics for gastroenteritis

To optimize the effect of probiotics in the event of gastroenteritis, we recommend taking them as soon as the first symptoms appear[2], ideally within 48 hours. They are generally taken in the form of gastro-resistant capsules or tablets to prevent the probiotics from being broken down in the stomach. Probiotics are also available in drinkable liquid form.

Dosage may vary according to your health, age and the recommendations of your healthcare professional.

Don't forget :

• Probiotics should not replace appropriate medical treatment where necessary.
• Taking probiotics should be accompanied by good hydration and a balanced diet.
• Probiotics may be contraindicated in certain people or with certain medications. Always consult your pharmacist before starting a probiotic.

Probiotics for children and babies: prevention and treatment

Specifically for children and babies, the use of probiotics could be a tool in the prevention and treatment of gastroenteritis. In cases of diarrhea caused by viruses (such as gastroenteritis) or antibiotics, probiotics can help reduce the duration and intensity of this symptom. However, the North American studies currently available do not allow us to draw any clear conclusions. The Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain seems to be the most effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea for children and babies (Les probiotiques, Stéphanie Côté, M. Sc., nutritionist, Équipe Naître et grandir, July 2018)

It's essential to note that in healthy infants and children, probiotic supplementation is generally not necessary, as their intestinal microbiota already contains all the good bacteria needed.

Possible side effects of probiotics

Despite their many benefits, probiotics can have certain side effects, usually of a digestive nature. Among the most common are bloating and flatulence. These side effects are often temporary, and disappear after a few days or weeks of use.

More rare but serious cases have been observed, such as infections in people with weakened immune systems. Some probiotics can also cause headaches or skin problems. It is therefore advisable to consult a health professional before starting a probiotic treatment, especially if you have a weakened immune system, a serious digestive disorder, or if you take prescription medication on a regular basis.